日本語道場

Nihongo Dojo — N3 → N2

Grammar

N2

~手前

~temae

given that, for the sake of appearances

When to use it

Use ~手前 in reports, negotiations, or internal discussions to explain that, having said or done something publicly, you cannot now back out without losing face. It frames an obligation that comes from appearances and social position rather than from rules or logic, and is nearly always followed by a negative-possibility ending such as ~わけにはいかない・~できない・~しかない. Distinguish it from 以上(は), which stresses logical commitment, and from ~からには, which lacks the face-saving nuance.

Formation

  • Verbs: plain past form + 手前 (most common: 引き受けた手前, 提案した手前); dictionary form is possible for habitual/ongoing acts (指導する手前)
  • Nouns: noun + の手前 (部下の手前, 取引先の手前) — meaning "in front of / for the sake of appearances toward ~"
  • い-adjectives / な-adjectives: not used with this pattern
  • Typically followed by ~わけにはいかない, ~ないわけにもいかない, ~できない, ~しかない

Examples

  • Having proposed it myself, I can hardly pull out at this stage.

  • In front of my staff, I can't voice complaints about the president's policy.

  • Having declared there was no issue, it's awkward to correct my report.

  • Since we promised the client, we have no choice but to protect the deadline.

  • As the one training the junior staff, I can hardly show up late myself.