日本語道場

Nihongo Dojo — N3 → N2

Grammar

N3

~ないうちに

~nai uchi ni

before ~ happens

When to use it

Use ~ないうちに when you want to act while a change has not yet occurred — typically to seize a window of opportunity or to head off something undesirable. Unlike neutral ~前に, it carries the nuance "before it's too late / while the situation still holds," so the main clause is usually volitional (~しましょう、~しておきます、~したい) or an instruction. Very common in reporting and negotiation contexts, and slightly more formal in writing than 「~する前に」.

Formation

  • Verbs: plain negative + うちに → 忘れないうちに、値上がりしないうちに(*ませんうちに is ungrammatical)
  • い-adjectives: ~くない + うちに → 暗くないうちに、寒くないうちに
  • な-adjectives: ~では/でない + うちに → 手遅れでないうちに、本格的でないうちに
  • Nouns: ~でない + うちに → 赤字でないうちに
  • The subject of the ないうちに clause is marked with が when different from the main clause: 相手が気づかないうちに…
  • Contrast: 会議が始まる前に (neutral sequence) / 会議が始まらないうちに (while there's still time)

Examples

  • I'll write up the minutes before I forget.

  • We should report this upstairs before it blows up.

  • I'd like to place the order before the exchange rate moves.

  • We filed the patent before other companies found out.

  • Let's present our terms while the client is still keen.